An Automntic Electronic Autoclave Sleriliser

An autoclave (figure 3.1) is a metal ' pan' whjch is speciaJly designed to create and withstand the heat and pressures necessary for sterilisation.

The only type of autoclave which can be used with total safety in a salon environment is an electrical one which has a fully automatic cycle. A measured amount of water is placed into the autoclave, and the pre-washed tools are placed on a rack above the water so that the steam can circulate freely around them. The }jd is d osed and the autoclave switched on. During use the water boils, creating steam which forces the air out of the pan through a valve. When all the air has been expelled, this valve d oses. The pressure builds up inside the pan, which causes the temperature to rise. When the sterilisjng temperature has been reached, the automatic programme maintains the temperature and pressure for the required length of time and then switches off th e autoclave.

When the pressure returns to normal the lid can be removed and the sterile articles taken out.

Articles taken from an autoclave are sterile only until they come into contact with the air or some other item. If sterility has to be maintained, it is therefore necessary to transfer them to a sterilising cabinet. In the salon, however, the purpose of sterilisation is to.

The life cycle of a spore-forming bacterium

the like; for decomposition and soil enrichment; and for the functioning of septic tanks. They form a part of many industrial processes, and they are invaluable in genetic Research.

However, there are a good many varieties of bacteria which are pathogenic (disease-causing). Such bacteria are responsible for tuberculosis, whooping cough, salmonella., pneu.moniat blood poisoningr diphtheria, meningitis, chole:rai syphilis, typhoid fever and tetanus, to nan1e just a few. Others cause sore throats, tonsillitis, scarlet fever, boils, abscesses, pustules and minor infections. Some bacteria attack the tissues directly, while others ptod:uce toxins {poisons) which inflict damag:e on the host One kind of bacteria that every nail technician will encounter at some stage in her work is the species .

A human body c.an have natural defences against bacteria, in the form of antibodies in the bloodstream., or immunity can be medJcaiJy induced through vaccination. Certain disea'S ca11 be prevented or treated by injections of anti-toxins or of serum (the liquid part of blood) which already pontains antibodies. Antibiotics are medicines which kilt bacteria.they fon the ba.sis of modern medkaJ treabpnen.t of bacterial infections. Bacteria canl' throu.gh their capacity for genetic recombination and rapid evolution, develop r'esistance to antibiotics.

Two Example For Mnaicuring And Pedicuring As A Career

Example 1:

Imagine a quiet salon in which the manicurist is sitting doing nothing. A poten.tiaJ client comes in, 1:1equesting a. full Sf!t of penna nen't false najls. On inspection, the lady's nails prove to be unsuUable for the application of this type of nail~ they are extremely short and bitten~ with 'bulbs' of flesh protruding beyond the edge of the nail plate. It would be professional to carry out a cheaper, temporary treatment and allow the cUent's nails titne to grow a little befo-re putting on the more expensive pe.rmanent nails.

Suppose, however, that the manicurist has not taken much money that day, the appointm.en.t book is empty, the temptation to in.ere the takings is too great, and the manicurist does apply the perman t false nails, d_isn.ogarding the long-term interests of her client. V ·at would be· the result of this unethical behaviour?

The clie.nt would go away temporarily happy. However, her n~ extensions would not last very long, so she would rapidly beccltithe unhappy. One of two things would then happen. She might come back and complain, in which case it would cost the mankurist time and money to rectify the situation. The manicurist would also have to work hard to regain the client's trust and confidence in the product1 herself and the salon. Or she might not come back to complain, but she might tell everyone she knew not to go .to that manicurist or salon h-ecg lta~ the standards were so bad. Perhaps this suggests why the manicurist wasn' t busy in the first place.

Example 2:

The mank uri.st is offered a job with a new safon just setting up. Ignoring her ro:ntract of work with h~r employer - standard terms of which are are usually at least one week's notke and an agreement not to work for ~1 t }east one year within one mlle of her previous salon she leaves immediately to go to the new jo:b. What would be the res ult of this unethical behaviour?

Firstly, she would of coursi! risk her former boss suing for breach of contract. Secondly, a salon that poaches staff is not being ethical either, so the chances are that the ma.nicurist would not like the new.